Tsarin Gyaran Man Fetur: Gurɓatar Ruwa

Tsarin Degumming a masana'antar tace mai shine kawar da gurɓataccen ɗanɗano a cikin ɗanyen mai ta hanyar zahiri ko sinadarai, kuma shine matakin farko na aikin tace mai / tsarkakewa. Bayan dunƙule latsawa da kuma cire sauran ƙarfi daga iri mai, ɗanyen man yafi ƙunshi triglycerides da ƴan marasa triglyceride. Abubuwan da ba su da triglyceride ciki har da phospholipids, sunadarai, phlegmatic da sukari za su amsa tare da triglycerides don samar da colloid, wanda aka sani da ƙazantattun gumaka.

Rashin ƙazantaccen ɗanko ba wai kawai yana shafar kwanciyar hankali na man fetur ba amma har ma yana shafar tsarin aikin gyaran man fetur da kuma aiki mai zurfi. Misali, man da ba a dade ba yana da sauki wajen samar da man emulsified a cikin tsarin tace alkaline, don haka yana kara wahalar aiki, asarar tace mai, da amfani da kayan taimako; a cikin tsarin decolorization, man da ba a cire shi ba zai kara yawan amfani da adsorbent kuma ya rage tasirin discoloring. Don haka, cire danko ya zama dole a matsayin mataki na farko na aikin matatar mai kafin rage yawan man mai, canza launin mai, da deodorization na mai.

Hanyoyin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun sun hada da hydrated degumming (ruwa degumming), acid refining degumming, alkali refining method, adsorption method, electropolymerization and thermal polymerization method. A cikin tsarin gyaran man da ake ci, hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita ita ce hydrated degumming, wanda zai iya fitar da phospholipids na hydratable da wasu phospholipids marasa ruwa, yayin da sauran phospholipids ba tare da hydrate suna buƙatar cire su ta hanyar lalata acid.

1. Ƙa'idar aiki na hydrated degumming (water degumming)
Danyen mai daga tsarin hakar sauran ƙarfi ya ƙunshi abubuwan da ke narkewa da ruwa, da farko sun ƙunshi phospholipids, waɗanda ke buƙatar cirewa daga mai don ba da damar hazo mafi ƙanƙanta da daidaitawa yayin jigilar mai da adana dogon lokaci. Rashin ƙazanta irin su phospholipids suna da halayyar hydrophilic. Da farko, za a iya motsawa da kuma ƙara wani adadin ruwan zafi ko electrolyte aqueous bayani kamar gishiri & phosphoric acid zuwa zafi danyen mai. Bayan wani ɗan lokaci, ƙazantar gumakan za a datse, a rage kuma a cire daga mai. A cikin tsarin gurɓataccen ruwa, ƙazantattun abubuwa sune phospholipid, da kuma wasu furotin, glyceryl diglyceride, da mucilage. Menene ƙari, ana iya sarrafa gumakan da aka fitar zuwa cikin lecithin don abinci, abincin dabbobi ko don amfanin fasaha.

2. Tsarin hydrated degumming (water degumming)
Tsarin rushewar ruwa ya haɗa da ƙara ruwa zuwa ɗanyen mai, hydrating abubuwan da ke narkewa da ruwa, sannan cire yawancin su ta hanyar rabuwa ta tsakiya. Halin haske bayan rabuwa na centrifugal shine danyen mai, kuma lokaci mai nauyi bayan rabuwa na tsakiya shine haɗuwa da ruwa, abubuwan da ke narkewa da ruwa da man fetur, wanda ake kira "gums". Ana busar da danyen man da aka yi da shi a sanyaya kafin a tura shi wurin ajiya. Ana mayar da gumakan akan abincin.

A cikin masana'antar tace mai, ana iya sarrafa na'ura mai hydrated degumming tare da injin deacidification na mai, na'urar cire launi, da na'ura mai lalata, kuma waɗannan injinan sune abubuwan da ke tattare da layin samar da mai tsarkakewa. An rarraba layin tsarkakewa zuwa nau'in tsaka-tsaki, nau'in ci gaba mai ci gaba, da nau'in ci gaba mai cikakken ci gaba. Abokin ciniki zai iya zaɓar nau'in gwargwadon ƙarfin samarwa da ake buƙata: masana'anta tare da ƙarfin samarwa na 1-10t kowace rana ya dace da yin amfani da kayan aiki na wucin gadi, 20-50t kowace rana ma'aikata ta dace da yin amfani da kayan aikin ci gaba na ci gaba, samarwa. fiye da 50t a kowace rana ya dace don amfani da cikakken ci gaba nau'in kayan aiki. Nau'in da aka fi amfani da shi shine layin samar da ruwa mai tsaftataccen ruwa na tsaka-tsaki.