Busasshen iska mai zafi da bushewa mai ƙarancin zafi

A cikin na'urorin busar da gadaje masu zafi da iska mai zafi mai zafi yana shiga cikin yawan hatsi a mashigai, yana motsawa ta cikin hatsin yayin da yake shan ruwa kuma ya fita daga yawan hatsin a mashin. Hatsin da ke mashigar yana bushewa da sauri domin a can iskar bushewa tana da mafi girman iya ɗaukar ruwa. Saboda gadon da ba shi da zurfi da ingantacciyar ƙimar iskar iska, bushewa yana faruwa a duk nau'ikan nau'ikan hatsi, amma mafi sauri a mashigai kuma mafi sauri a wurin fita (duba bushewa a cikin tebur).

A sakamakon haka, danshi gradient yana tasowa, wanda har yanzu yana nan a ƙarshen bushewa. Ana dakatar da tsarin bushewa lokacin da matsakaicin abun ciki na hatsi (samfuran da aka ɗauka a busasshen mashigar iska da busar da iska) yayi daidai da abun ciki na ƙarshe da ake so. Lokacin da aka sauke hatsin kuma a cika a cikin jaka, kowane hatsi yana daidaita ma'ana cewa hatsin da aka daskare yana fitar da ruwa wanda busassun hatsi suna shayarwa ta yadda bayan wani lokaci duk hatsi suna da MC iri ɗaya.

Sake jika hatsin bushewar, duk da haka, yana haifar da fissuka yana haifar da karyewar hatsi a cikin aikin niƙa. Wannan yana bayyana dalilin da yasa farfadowar niƙa da shinkafar shinkafa da aka busasshe a cikin busar da busasshen gadaje ba shi da kyau. Hanya daya da za a rage danshi a lokacin bushewa ita ce hada hatsi a cikin kwandon bushewa bayan kusan kashi 60-80 na lokacin bushewa ya wuce.

A cikin ƙananan zafin jiki na bushewa makasudin sarrafa na'urar bushewa shine kiyaye RH na iskar bushewa a ma'aunin zafi na dangi (ERH) daidai da abin da ake so na ɗanshi na ƙarshe na hatsi, ko ma'aunin moisutre (EMC). Tasirin zafin jiki kadan ne idan aka kwatanta da RH (Table 2).

Idan misali ana so MC na ƙarshe na 14% ya kamata a yi niyya ga RH na bushewar iska mai kusan 75%. A aikace ana iya amfani da iskar yanayi da rana a lokacin rani. Da dare da kuma lokacin damina dan kadan kafin dumama iska ta 3-6ºK ya isa ya sauke RH zuwa matakan da suka dace.

Iskar bushewa tana shiga cikin ƙwayar hatsi a mashigar kuma yayin da take motsawa cikin yawan hatsi yana bushe da rigar hatsi har sai iska ta cika. Yayin da ake shayar da ruwa iska tana yin sanyi da 'yan digiri. A kan hanyarta ta gaba ta cikin ƙwayar hatsi iska ba za ta iya sha ruwa mai yawa ba, tun da ya riga ya cika, amma yana ɗaukar zafi da aka yi ta hanyar numfashi, kwari da ci gaban fungal kuma don haka yana hana dumama sashin hatsi mai laushi. Gaban bushewa na zurfin santimita da yawa yana tasowa kuma a hankali yana motsawa zuwa wurin fita yana barin busasshen hatsi a baya. Bayan bushewar gaba ya bar yawan hatsin an gama bushewa. Dangane da abun cikin danshi na farko, yawan kwararar iska, zurfin hatsi da bushewar kaddarorin iska wannan na iya ɗauka daga kwanaki 5 zuwa makonni da yawa.

Tsarin bushewa mai ƙarancin zafin jiki yana da taushi sosai kuma yana samar da inganci mai kyau yayin kiyaye ƙimar haɓaka mai girma. Tun da ana amfani da ƙananan saurin iska (0.1 m / s) kuma kafin dumama iskar bushewa ba koyaushe ake buƙata ba, takamaiman buƙatun makamashi shine mafi ƙanƙanci tsakanin duk tsarin bushewa. Ana ba da shawarar bushewar ƙananan zafin jiki azaman bushewar mataki na biyu don paddy tare da MC wanda bai fi 18% girma ba. Bincike a IRRI ya nuna cewa tare da kula da bushewa a hankali ko da sabon girbe hatsi tare da MC na 28% za a iya bushe shi cikin aminci a cikin busassun ƙarancin zafi a mataki ɗaya idan zurfin zurfin ya iyakance zuwa 2m kuma saurin iska ya kai aƙalla 0.1 m/s. Duk da haka, a yawancin ƙananan hukumomi masu tasowa, inda har yanzu rashin wutar lantarki ya zama ruwan dare, yana zama babban haɗari don sanya hatsi mai yawa a cikin yawa ba tare da ajiyar wutar lantarki don tafiyar da magoya baya ba.